Genetic engineering practice Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

genic engineering practice - Essay ExampleEqually, some cultured meat is prepared with the present technology, which reduces the take aim of L-carnitine to zero percentage. This chemical is a contributing factor to heart diseases. The chemical is naturally contained in the red meat. Similarly, the meat is grown in the interrogation tube (GMO) is preferred to customary meat in terms of cleanness. According to Tomme, the GMO meat undergoes a clean process in its preparation consequently reduced infections. This assertion justifies the belief that conventional meat undergoes dirt preparation process, which allows the growth of such bacteria as Salmonella and Listeria, which causes sustenance poisoning (Tomme, 67).On the other hand, GMO meat should not be explored as a viable alternative to conventional meats because of the belief that, despite the vitro meat supposedly similar to the conventional meat, there is a probability that the test tube meat could be bodily detrimental (To mme, 67). There is a high extent of questionability concerning the semipermanent consequences of the test tube meat consumption on human beings. There is fear and doubt amongst the everyday that the rush to consume new food substances may cause unforeseen effects, which might be trying to prove for hesitation to test using humans as instruments. Similarly, the technological infeasibility, which is associated with technical challenges in the intersection of the vitro meat, has remained technically unchallenged, consequently leaving room for doubts.

Evidenced Based Practice (EBP) in Medical Technology in private Essay

Evidenced Based blueprint (EBP) in Medical Technology in private clinical laboratory setting - Essay lessonThe developments of science and technology have contributed to making many of these simpler that they no longer come under the federal oversight requirements. This puts the onus of ensuring that these tests ensure patient care and safety device on the private clinical laboratories. (Howerton, D., Anderson, N., Bosse, D., Granade, S.,and Westbrook, G., 2006)The spot of the private clinical laboratories is not restricted to simple tests, but as technology evolves so does their authority in their contribution to more challenging laboratory interrogation like drug resistance testing in the management of HIV AIDS. (Wilson, W.J., 2003).To fulfill their role in patient care and patient safety private clinical laboratories need to be reliable associates of the physicians and yet there are areas in which the clinical laboratories are found to be wanting(predicate). These deficien cies include failure to provide useful information to help come across a test resultant, standardization of reference ranges and units of measurement, laboratory policies that interfere with patient care, and performance of the wrong test. (Butterly, R.J., 2006).Errors do occur in laboratory tests and patient safety is impacted by the frequency and the seriousness with which these errors legislate in private clinical laboratories. (Howanitz, P.J., 2005). In addition to errors another aspect that is found to be deficient in clinical laboratories that lead act as an impediment to the optimal delivery of healthcare to patients is the ridiculous core laboratory performance that lead to delay in the laboratories providing the test results and as a result lead to delays in diagnosis and treatment. (Holland, L.L., Smith, L.L., and Blick, K.E., 2005).There are deficiencies in the manner in which private clinical laboratories perform their role in patient care and patient safety. However , the issues that need to be taken into consideration is whether they are

Vector GIS Project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Vector GIS Project - Essay ExamplePurchasers may be individuals or businesses. In commerce, a retailer buys goods or products in large quantities from manufacturers or importers, both directly or through a wholesaler, and then sells smaller quantities to the end-user. Retail establishments are often called shops or stores. Retailers are at the end of the supply chain. Manufacturing marketers see the process of retailing as a essential part of their overall distri hardlyion strategy.Shops may be on residential streets, or in obtain streets with few or no houses, or in a shop center or mall, but mostly found in the central business district. Shopping streets may or may non be for pedestrians only. Sometimes a shopping street has a partial or full crown to protect customers from precipitation. Retailers often provided boardwalks in front of their stores to protect customers from the mud. Online retailing, also known as e-commerce is the latest figure out of non-shop retailing (cf. mail order).Shopping generally refers to the act of buying products. Sometimes this is done to obtain necessities such(prenominal) as food and clothing sometimes it is done as a recreational activity. Recreational shopping often involves window shopping (just looking, non buying) and browsing and does not always result in a purchase.The superstore was designed to serve the community exclusively and accompany a website and catalog. Customers are sure to find second joint quality, brand-named dancewear discounted up to 30 percent. The superstore will offer wonderful customer service, Other features include computer kiosks where shoppers bathroom browse the website, place orders, or post reviews and ratings for their favorite products.Working geographically reveals relationships among the forces that drive your organization. It helps you see patterns you could not see before, gain new insights, and make

Language development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Language development - Essay ExampleAt this preliminary stage it is necessary to investigate the topic through a variety of means. Researchers suggest a number of strategies which may be effective in examining the topic. These include brainstorming, clustering and free-writing (Lipkewich and Mazurenko1999). Clearly, these strategies act as a measure of developing or restricting a topic. The more than ideas that are generated at this stage the more structural focus the writer would obtain from this initial piece of writing. The purpose of this first step wherefore is to establish some sort of structure to the ideas that are generated. Thus, if a writer decides to choose free-writing as a means of initiating the writing go then the writer may begin to write on a topic without interruption until everything the writer knows about the topic is exhausted on the paper. In this case in that location may no adherence to grammatically correct structures such as spelling, punctuation or fi fty-fifty paragraphing. The words that appear on the paper would be an exact replica of the thoughts that flow through the mind.The heartbeat step involves the actual composition of the paper. Some writers use this stage as a means of creating a rough draft of the final paper. The previous stage which may or may not squander included free-writing is the precursor to this writing stage where the writer brings some sort of focus to the writing. During this stage thereof the writer must adhere to the mechanics of writing which were previously ignored in the earlier stage. in that respect is need to organize the live in terms of correct punctuation, paragraphing and other grammatical structures which may guide been non existent in the previous stage. Consequently, the major purpose for this writing stage is to add content and boldness to the work. The more time a writer spends on this initial writing stage the less work will be needed to complete the final draft.Revising, the thi rd step in the writing process

Government grants for alternative energy research Proposal - 1

Government grants for alternative energy - Research Proposal ExampleBecause of this, it is important for the United States to stupefy alternative means of energy that be sustainable, and that create less dependence on foreign crude and other fossil fuels. professorship Obama has instituted a variety of measures that will cut down on the ampere-second emissions that influence climate change (Obama, 2010). Many people suggest that without an alternative method of fuel, the nation as we know it will change. Al Gore has presented information about how global warming is influencing the world as it is known today, and suggests that something must be done in order to slow the process down. Shown in these descriptions are the facts that there are many issues that must be addressed when looking at the world and how it soon uses fuel. If sustainable energies crapper be discovered and used, the world would be able to sustain itself better in the long run. Specific Claim Alternative fuels can promote a healthier environment and can create a to a greater extent sustainable world. With the help of government grants to sponsor climate research, many more researchers can have the opportunity to identify those fuels that could help the environment. The discovery of these grants will be an opportunity to go out who is eligible to help in this endeavor and the amount of money that is being presented. Justification of The Claim Since President Obama took office, sustainable fuels have been a concern.

Airlines and the Oligopoly Market Structure Assignment

Airlines and the Oligopoly marketplace Structure - Assignment ExampleThese advantages are witnessed in service pricing, destination services, marketing, and promotion, as well as the conventional hub philosophy that drives either point-to-point destination services or major hub development. Much of these combative advantages hap from establishing a market-oriented culture, defined as delivering superior value to customers (Narver, Slater & Tietje 1998, p.242). It is about aligning the business baby-sit based on three dimensions, having a customer orientation, a competitor orientation, and the ability to coordinate every business units with an inter-functional, systems-based philosophy and building (Gauzente 1999, p.2). The majority of the airlines identified in the research article have established a market-oriented business model and internal culture, that provides both competitive advantages over other airlines in this oligopoly as well as a strong brand in the consumer marke t. A market orientation scheme is a powerful competitive advantage, because it is an invisible asset that takes a long time to establish and ace that is difficult to imitate (Johnson & Verayangkura 2001, p.2). ... a market structure, constant environmental s toleratening occurs to witness the competitive behaviors of oppose firms to avoid market share losses or loss of brand reputation in consumer markets. Nickels, McHugh & McHugh (2005) locate a competitive advantage as better development of core competencies. These are functions that the organization can do as well or better than any other organization in the innovation (Nickels, et al., p.257). In the article the joys of oligopoly, it is identified that the core competencies of Southwest Airlines, as one example, is the ability of the firm to structure its scheduling, labor, and point-to-point destination services to provide low-cost, no-frills service that continues to bring the business significant revenues from satisfied customers. objet dart larger competitors with more market presence continue to provide customers better in- escape cock services that require a higher pricing model, Southwest is able to manage its services effectively and with limited perks for the more scotch consumer. Southwest is also able to follow an A to B flight philosophy which fills more set daily rather than waiting at a regional hub for connecting traffic that allows for almost instantaneous divergence after a flight has arrived at the airport (Associated Press 2001). The core competencies of Southwest are labor-related, flight capacity scheduling, and independence from hub philosophy. However, other airlines that do utilize a hub philosophy consider this a competitive advantage in this market structure as it provides greater frequency, more destinations and lower fares than customers could expect without it (Associated Press, p.3).

Conflict and Change Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Conflict and Change - Essay Example One of the themes that the causation uses is overbearing the mind. He says the government changes news and books contents. It does this to change the history that blackmails it as bad. The government monitors its citizens in all their daily activities. It banned the citizens from indulging in any forms of rebellious thinking, speaking, or activities. What results is a society of stooges and zombies who have no rights over themselves (Orwell & Fromm 2010).People are forced to control and suppress their sexual desires. The government makes children spies to seek for those who disclose the orders. The act is unethical as the children will grow with conflicting thoughts and feelings to their families. The society marks the children as betrayers (Orwell & Fromm 2010).The author further develops his work with the theme of oppression. The government uses unethical and immoral tactics to quell the activities of Winston Smith the Protagonist. It takes h is daughter away and forces him to give her up. Winston finally gives up and joins the government. It also forces its citizens to engage in strenuous jobs in the morning. They had to discern what it was doing for them to be free (Orwell & Fromm 2010). Forcing anyone to love and adopt indecent activities is inhumane. The author uses the novel and its themes to show and warn the consequences of a totalitarianism government. The society and people become ethically and morally

Industrial standard Syringe Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Industrial standard Syringe - Essay vitrineThe present paper deals with a syringes low Reynolds number flow. This scenario presents itself in the slow regulate intravenous fusion of drugs and fluids in laboratories or hospitals. For instance, in indicator-dilution experiments, the common values for the Reynolds number ar Re= 0.07 (50cc syringe at 1cc/min or Re= 0.015(10cc syringe at 0.1 cc/min). A correct infusion pump is often used in maintaining the rates of infusion at constants. In simulacrum 1 the plunger is moving to the left in a cylinder fluid is pumped by a hollow goad of a diameter that is often less than 3% of the cylinders diameter. Because of the geometry the fluid dynamics can be divided into 2 parts the flow in the needle and the flow in the cylinder. Dagan, Weinbaum and Pfeffer 1 solved the flow in the needle (orifice). They concluded that the velocity profile is for the most part Poiseuille, with end effects maintained at a length of just the diameter of the needle. In the sections that decipher we will examine the cylinder region, with the needle hole estimated by a sink.xs partial(p) differentiation is numerically solved using finite leaving techniques, which result in an estimation for x at every grid point. In the middle way from all borders, standard deflexion equations are applied in the estimation of the partial derivatives. Close to the borders, multiple standard equations are required. These new difference equations, using both partials and values of x on the borders, were derived via the symbolic manipulation package, SMP. All the finite difference estimations applied are provided in Appendix A. The finite difference estimation produces results in a unidimensional system of equations Ax = b, with dimension being 2500 for a basic 50 x 50 grid. repayable to the fact that the boundary conditions are asymmetric and difference equations using known derivatives are used, the coefficient matrix A is

Systematic Comparison between Traditional and Agile Methods Essay

Systematic similarity between Traditional and Agile Methods - Essay ExampleSome do not go through and through on the whole the stages while others may pass through one stage more than once. The Traditional cost involves designing a detailed see before the start of the realise and strictly adhering to it. Therefore, the whole picture is clear to the developers before it is started. Agile project prudence is a collaborative approach in which all the squad members are involved in the project. It involves an iterative process in which managers facilitate the working of the team and it requires regular adaptation to changing situations. The project plan is flexible and is not developed at the starting line of the project. Instead, it is developed throughout the project. The end result of the project is not predictable. This discussion explores the comparison between tralatitious and agile project management approaches. Traditional Project Management Approaches The traditional a pproach to project management consists of five components namely initiation, planning, execution, monitoring and control, closure. Some traditional project management systems hold linear and additive project management lifecycle. Linear project management lifecycle does not kick any changes in the project plan. ... Scheduling the whole project before starting it gives the team a clear picture of what is evaluate to be done and who is responsible for each task. Moreover, details about the resources requirement for the completion of the project are known from the beginning. This approach does not require people with a lot of skills and supervision is not necessary as all the project details are written down. Co-location of team members is not necessary as each person has details of the part he/she is expected to play. It also has disadvantages. This sham does not allow for changes. It is also very costly. It does not produce deliverables until in the late stages of the project. In addition, preparing a complete plan beforehand is time wasting. The process is rigid and there is no going back to make changes. This model is focused on the timely completion of the project within the available budget but not on client look upon (Wysocki 2011). Incremental project management life cycle consists of several hooked increments, each with the lifecycle components of execution, monitoring, and project closure. These increments are accomplished in a prearranged sequence. The characteristics of the incremental project management lifecycle method are similar to those of the linear approach. The deliverables in this model are released against a schedule that is more aggressive. Advantages include the following The business value is produced early and not at the end of the project like in linear approach. This model nominate allow for some changes in the scope of the project. It focuses on the client value more than the linear approach. It also facilitates the scheduli ng of few resources better. Some disadvantages include the following Team members can be lost in between increments. It

Assess the Changing Politics of Environmentalism in Chinese Civil Essay - 1

Assess the changing Politics of Environmentalism in Chinese Civil Society - Essay ExampleThus, in the hopes of assessing the changing government of environmentalism in the Chinese civic culture, this try out briefly narrates the history of environmentalism in the estate and how it changed overtime. In addition, the essay presents examples of online environmental initiatives, their hard line activities, and the corresponding impact of these internet-facilitated activities on civil society.The Chinese people get to once more proven to the world their innovative prowess with the onslaught of online green social movements. rapid development in technology has assisted the wake of environmentalism among the Chinese. Environmental activism in China critically diverges from the favorite image of social movements as masses of people taking to the streets and erecting barricades (Peter ho and Edmonds 216). The country has wakened up to the alarming needs to protect its environment as a measure to prevent possible calamities and widespread communicable diseases with a view to minimize the operation costs in the administration of the country. In the past, monoamine oxidase introduced a revolutionary industrialization program in which he insisted falling trees and leveling the surface of the state of matter in order to support the growth of industry in China. The depletion of environmental balance in the country was constituted mainly by Maos policies as per the references of many a historian in the world. For instance, the agricultural policies like close plating of seedlings, deep planting, the double- blade plow, peculiar fertilization techniques were of negative impacts on the environment (Shapiro 76).In addition, Maos political line was rather utopian as he considered nature his most prolific enemy to be conquered. He associated a mass culture in China with which he formulated his policies and executed the destruction of forests. It has to be observed that

Balanced Scorecard and Its Application to Not-For-Profit Organisations Essay

Balanced circuit card and Its industry to Not-For-Profit Organisations - Essay ExampleThese measures form the framework for the implementation of the strategy. BSC obtained its name from the attempt to balance both fiscal and nonfinancial performance measures. While traditional approaches to strategy focused on the financial aspect of the line of clientele the balanced scorecard looks at both the financial and non-financial aspects of the geological formation. Finkler (2010, p. 299) indicates that the balance scorecard approach monitors how well the organisation is achieving its goals based on four critical perspectives financial perspective customer perspective internal business perspective and learning and growth perspective. Olve and Sjostrand (2006, p. 1) indicates that a good scorecard documents a strategic logic which represents a cause and effect relationship between current activities and long-term performance. Critical Evaluation of the Balanced Scorecard and its Devel opment The concept of a balanced scorecard can be traced to various sources including Peter Druckers management by objectives (Balanced Scorecard Review n.db). It has evolved from being a performance management tool in 1992 to being a strategic performance management system in 1996 (Balanced Scorecard Review n.da). ... In 2010 it developed a new emphasis in order to facilitate closer integration with organisational systems and capabilities such as Enterprise Risk Management. This development has indeed resulted in an increase in its scope to organise it more applicable to all organisations including not-for-profit organisations. However, it has been criticised for not having a perspective relating to the environment/impact on the participation (Drury 2009). With the impact of climate change, customers are increasingly becoming environmentally aware. Additionally, environmental groups have sought to dissuade support of companies that operate in flagrant disregard to the environme nt. This can lead to a reduction in revenues which organisations seek to protect. Companies that Have Implemented the Balanced Scorecard Model BSC is applicable to all types of organisations. It has been applied successfully to both not-for-profit and profit organisations. Horngren et al (2011) uses a cause-and-effect relationship to illustrate how Chipset Inc used BSC approach to grow its customer base and its revenues. The company achieved its goals by focusing on key objectives in each of the four dimensions of its scorecard. In the financial perspective Chipset increased income and shareholder value by managing cost and unused capacity and construction strong customer relationships. From the customer perspective Chipsets increased market share and customer happiness was obtained by identifying customers future needs and identifying new target-customer segments. In terms of Chipsets internal business forge perspective they amend service response time manufacturing productivity and quality reduced delivery time, improved processes and improved manufacturing capability. This was done

The Pros and Cons of Using Encryption as a Key Technological Solution Essay

The Pros and Cons of Using encoding as a Key Technological Solution to Corporate Security - Essay ExampleMoreover, the encryption can be employed to offer high level security to e-mail, network communication, data and discipline stored on hard drives or any portable or mobile disks, as intumesce as other discipline that necessitates prophylactic (Cook, 2000). This paper discusses some of the main argonas and aspects of encryption and its main applications, organizational implications and the developing of old and current practices. Application of Encryption Encryption is technique of translation of selective information and data into a clandestine code. Additionally, the technique of encryption is the most efficient method to assure data security. In this way, to try an encrypted file, we should have access to a password or else secret key that facilitates us to decrypt it. Unencrypted information as well as data is known as plain text hidden or encrypted data is known as ciph er text (Webopedia, 2010). An unbelievable development of the Internet has energized companies as well as customers in a similar way through its assurance of altering the means we outlast and work. It is very simple to purchase and sell goods all through the world using a estimator or laptop. However safety and security is a main distress on the Internet, particularly when we argon utilizing it to transmit sharp data and information among diverse groups of people (Tyson, 2010). In case of Encryption techniques we ingest to encrypt a huge number of secret information and data. For example in case of wind vane based business or corporate data transfer we need some sort of sensitive and high value information like credit-card information, confidential communication, social security information, susceptible business details, ain details and bank-account information. In this scenario, the information security is offered on computers and over the Internet through a numerosity of tec hniques. An easy and straightforward security technique is to simply put sensitive information on obliterable storage media similar to moveable pen drives or peripheral hard drives. However the majority well-liked types of safety the entire depend on encryption, the procedure of hiding and encoding data and information in such a manner that just the person (or computer) that has the decoding key is able to decode the message (Tyson, 2010). development of Encryption In its first kind, people have been trying to hide certain data and information that they desired to keep in their own control through alternating parts of the information by means of signs, pictures as well as numbers. Earliest Babylonian merchants employed intaglio, a part of level stone engraved into a collection of images as well as a number of literary productions to recognize them in trading matters. However, through this method, they are creating what these days we recognize as digital signature. The people are acquainted with that a specific signature having relation to this merchant, however just he had the intaglio to generate that undertake signature. Certainly, technology nowadays has developed at such fast swiftness that requires caring for information develops by decreasing the dependability of older encryption

Close Reading Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Close Reading - Essay Example coition the report from a first-person point of view, Anderson allows the readers to experience the young mans self-perception of his action. At the very beginning, the readers enter to know that the narrator has already grown into maturity, as he tells, It was a hard jolt for me, single of the most bitterest I ever had to face. And it all came or so through my own foolishness too. (356) This self-judgmental approach finally establishes the narrators integrity. The readers realize that the narrator describes the events of his life in retrospect. The narrator tells about his compunction as following Even yet sometimes, when I think of it, I want to cry or drift or kick myself. (354) Immediately after telling it, he also says that his solo motivation lav narrating the story is to get relief from mental agony, as he say, Perhaps, even now, after all this time, on that point will be a kind of satisfaction in making myself look cheap by telling of it (356). Thus, the readers perceive the reliability of the narrator. Indeed, the first person point of view allows the readers to understand what is going on in the narrators mind. ... Again, he comments about the educated people as following such(prenominal) fellows dont know nothing at all. Theyve never had no opportunity. (357) Another dishonesty which the narrator tells in the story without creation ashamed the least is his deception to his girlfriend, Lucy Wessen. He assumes a fake identity and appearance in order to win Lucys love. But the narrators plan backfires when he learns that Lucy loves him for who he is actually. He hides his social status from the fear of being rejected by the young beautiful lady, Lucy. But he fails to understand that without deceiving her he would have been able to get her true love. The young man narrates all of his deception, lies and his knightly view of reality and life. Indeed such ashamed self-revelation allows the readers to understand who the young man was really in the ultimo. Moreover, it is remarkable that the narrator often switches to second-person point of view in order to earn more credibility. He directly assumes this stance of telling the story apparently to allow the readers understand the error of his perception about reality what he held in the past. On one hand, the narrator says in the beginning that he has dumb his past errors. On the other hand, he tells his past life as if he still holds those values. This three-fold stance may contribute to the confusion whether he is honest. But the narrator takes this dual stance only to allow the readers what his foolishnesses were in the past. The narrator was a fool in the past. He goes on telling his foolishnesses without being ashamed. Indeed, he is smart enough not tell about his foolishnesses directly. Rather, he tells what and who he was in the past and he simply lets the readers feel what the ironies of

Financial crisis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Financial crisis - Essay ExampleHere it is important to discuss the causes of market asymmetry i.e. the jealous nature of people which encouraged them to opt for the expensive mortgages. For instance, individuals who required a high standard fireside could easily get it on credit basis while the brokers used to eliminate their loan responsibilities when exchange home (Guina). This ultimately caused people to drown into heavy loans. Consequently the housing market which was previously performing as a major economic participant declined. Investors were then restricted to change their residents in ordering to gain profits. When investments slowed down then the financial institutions much(prenominal) as banks increase their lending requirements. This subsequently affect the credits functions (Guina). As a result the Economic Bailout was designed so that the government could purchase the securities and mortgages. This was aimed at providing assistance to banks so that they can easi ly lend money. Author as well states that the economy was the undergoing intense instability which might involve causes total economic crash down. Analysis Author has made a shot that the financial crisis of 2008 was predominantly caused by credit mismanagement and lack of cash reserves. In order to change his claim he has further discussed the market instability and the peculiar way in which business trading operations were being performed at that time. Research indicates that the initiation of cheap credits which were extended to the individuals in order to supporter maximum life opportunities were actu totallyy causing hindrances in the normal market operations. Cheap crediting system increased the demand of certain goods in the market such as the houses and cars which subsequently caused inflation. This was then related with the wage hike unemployment (Guina). Most of the claims presented in the articles are about the credits which represents that the author has maintaine d a firm pip over the hypothesis. This further illustrates that the primary motive of author was to evaluate the credit issues in the American party rather than covering the entire financial crisis. Moreover, the discussion over the political influence and prevailing pecuniary system is has been missed by the author. The article actually reveals entirely new perspectives on money and banking. For instance, it discusses the situation of brokers and how they eliminate themselves from the risky mortgages (Guina). This significantly affects the individual buyer as he has to bear the complete province of loan while handling all the risks. Since money and banking are closely related with one another(prenominal) therefore the impact of purchasing mortgages which are not backed by securities also influences the banks cash reserves and the overall money management. The Economic Bailout was discussed in the article so as to spring what government has done in order to deal with the financ ial crisis. However, the author must have also mentioned the effectiveness and efficiency of analytical frameworks. For instance, if the government had implemented the fundamental concepts of demand and supply then such intense inflation must have never raised. Additionally, the poor cash reserves must have presented a better economic progress in the contemporary world (Mishkin). The government should eliminate all the cheap credits from the financial institutions. This will actually facilitate in smoothing the

The Cause of Drug Abuse Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

The brace of Drug Abuse - Essay ExampleAdditionally, it is possible to treat medicine addiction and enable sight to go back to their normal lives.Drug addiction can be considered as a degenerative disease that causes obsessive behavior in spite of the negative consequences to the individual and those around them. It leads to changes in the building and functioning of the brain (Allen 67). Many individuals indulge in drug abuse voluntarily at first, and dope off self control overtime, thus negatively influencing their lifestyle. Some root causes of drug abuse include rarity, exposure to drug addiction from media and friends, genetic predisposition to addiction, lack of self-esteem and depression.According to a famous saying, curiosity killed the cat. This is true in the case of drug abuse (Lowinson 48). People addicted to drugs argon curious around its effect on them. They think that drugs can be so much fun. With it, they can be someone else because they can do things they cannot do when they are not under the influence of drugs.The media serves as one of the near influential factors to the way people behave nowadays. According to Castillo (48), the media portrays drug abuse as equivalent to macrocosm cool. For instance, pop artists who have the most number of fans are those who look or were reported to be drug users (e.g., Britney Spears, Miley Cyrus, Rihanna, etc. Conversely, there are a few people who can serve as use models in the modern society.Peer pressure is also among the leading causes of drug abuse in the contemporary society (Lowinson 48). This is especially true for young people who use drugs to feel cool, fit in a certain group and impress their friends. For example, if ones friends smoke marijuana or engage in alcoholism, there is a big chance that the person will take part in similar behavior just to be accepted. Peer pressure is the urge to do what ones friends are doing is very common among teenagers who are desperate to impress their friends and be accepted in a

“SALVATION” by Langston Hughes Essay Example for Free

SALVATION by Langston Hughes Essay buyback is an account of a young boy of twelve of his experience with his faith. It tells the written report of a Langston who at this impressionable young age, became confused by the accounts of the other members of this congregation and his own personal experience with salvation. The gullting of this story is in a healing mass, in a gathering of the faithful, headed by the priests to celebr consume salvation. It depicts a set of frenzy to the point of fanaticism. The concept of faith, whispered into the open and impressionable minds of the youth, who h mavinstly did not incur both concept of their own at that time.Langston was not yet jaded, nor cynical. He was but 12. He re exclusivelyy did destiny to be salvage. He really did want to experience seeing the light. (Hughes,1940) However, his experience in spite of appearance the church exacted the arctic of the fervor in faith that his elders expected. He gave the appearance to be no different from the others who claimed to convey seen the light. Yet, in him, the darkness seemed to grow because he knew for himself that it was a lie- to escape the pressure and appargonnt humiliation he was receiving from firmly waiting on the bench, to honestly see Jesus, in the light.After the event, it appears that his pureness was shattered, his eagerness for salvation move into disappointment and his faith shaken into unbelief. In his innocent young mind, he must have matt-up disappointed that he was abandoned by the savior everybody claimed to have seen. In his young mind he felt ashamed that he lied to everybody in order to sp be himself and his kin the shame of creation one who was different, one who was not able to see the light. Most importantly, he felt yearn that the Jesus did not come to help him.(Hughes,1940). He must have felt rejected-a devastating run off to an adolescent who, at that stage in animateness, seek the guidance of and acceptance into society. Since the society he lived with was concern on their faith, he as a young person, must have felt that he could scarce be part of that society if he claimed to see what the rest of them saw. His deception must have ate at him from inside(a) because though he wanted to be genuinely part of the society, he knew he could not claim to be in his heart, because he had lied.It may have seemed to him that a welcome into a society based on a perceived lie was no good at all more importantly, a welcome into the Faith was worthless if it was puted on a falsehood-a falsehood he was squeeze to tell because of the undue pressure that was seemed to have been placed on a young person as himself. Based on this narrative, there are a lot of assumptions one may make as to the resulting religiosity, or lack of, of Langston Hughes. His encounter with disappointment in his faith may have led him to be a skeptic all throughout his life.It might have made him question all the doctrines of the church b uilding preached to the faithful that required them to believe in the unseen. However, he might have been forced to appear adherent to the practices and outward manifestations of being a member of the church. He might have been forced to go on living the lie he started with, yet inwardly being unconvinced. However, an opposite scenario might also be speculated upon. Adolescence is a trying time for a person and whatever experience one might have had may lead to different realizations later in life.With Langston experience, it might also be that he ultimately sought to discover for himself the true meaning of salvation. It might be that, his experience with his family and with the society he belonged to, eventually led him to be resolute in his own beliefs and stand by his own principles, in order to make up for that one big lie he had to tell when he was 12. some(prenominal) path Langston Hughes chose to follow in terms of his religious faith, it was greatly influenced by that tim e in his life when he was saved. That point in his life would obviously be pivotal, in terms of his faith and of his cleverness to stand up to pressure. It might even have become a starting point for him to be a man, in charge of his thoughts, words, actions, and convictions. With regard to the lie he had told and the reasons why he kept it, one could however speculate. Yet, based on the authors account, it must have been an act of self-preservation. Adolescents give such(prenominal)(prenominal) a high regard to acceptance. He might have stood by the lie to turn a flair prostitute or castigation from his peers, from his superiors, from all the people who witnessed his salvation. He might have kept the lie to himself to avoid more pain from rejection, as he already felt rejected by Jesus Himself, when young Langston failed to see him as the others claimed to. (Hughes,1940) Another possibility was that he did not want to bring shame to his aunt, who well-nigh fervently played for his salvation. He knew that he would not be the only one who would be abashed when he reveals that he did not see Jesus at all. His young heart aimed to please, and being the only child to be unsaved would cause a great disappointment to his devout aunt.Having to tell her that he lied about his salvation would cause her greater dejection, as she was the one who so zealously urged him to see the light. Whatever his reasons were for keeping the lie to himself, it may be attributed to his confusion with the concept of faith. His expectations and that of the other church-goers seemed to be complex and varied, Langston seemed to expect to wait until he saw the light and be saved before he could in truth stand up and approach the priest and the rest of the young ones.The others seemed to expect him to see it at once. harm to do so seemed to indicate a lack and what a horrible state that seemed to be, as represent by the crowds passionate praying in order that the boy be saved. In the end, it appeared as if the lie was his real salvation at that moment. It was what saved him from the emotional persecution brought down by his peers. Furthermore, it seemed his innocence only made the matter more grave for the idea that he could only be saved by a lie appeared to be what was really tearing him up inside.In this same light, the verse form Unsaid is analyzed as a parallel to this Salvation. It is a song of six threads. It pertains to emotions and words that have no outlet, internal struggles that stay within a person. It speaks of the turmoil most people have inside themselves, trying to hide the most important things for unknown reasons. Unsaid is a simple, yet artistic way of conveying that all individuals feel more than what they reveal. Concealing emotions seem to be a necessity in society, suggests the poem.It supports that the things which are not expressed in words are also as real as the ones that bed be heard by others. It also states that it seems to b e a way of life, for everyone has something to hide inside himself. This poem supports, and is supported by the story Salvation, for both of these allude to a bottling of emotions, a privacy of true self. In Salvation, the author is saved by a lie which he had chosen to keep unto himself as to escape shame. However, it led him to a struggle with in himself.Inside, he is torn discriminating it was wrong to tell a lie yet also understanding that he seemed to have no other choice if he wanted to be accepted. His thoughts and the resulting doubt in his faith are the unstated. As the poem talks of keeping so many emotions locked up within, the story depicts how such take back sentiments affect individuals, especially as one as young as the author. On the other hand, the poem artfully describes the accompanying complex sensations to a thought left unuttered. In simple verse, it suggests images of strong touching emotions such as grief and love.It dares to suggests that most of beni gnant lives are lived within. It also defends that what people keep from others are as real as what they choose to reveal. All of this pertain to varying degrees of emotionality, in singing to those that are unsaid. Meanwhile, the story presents an example in the person of Langston. In the same way that the boy in the story had his own compelling reasons to lie, so do other individuals. There are countless explanations as to why people lie or people leave things unsaid.In any case, it seems to be both the basic instinct of self preservation or a noble intention to spare others of pain, that motivates such actions. The poem suggests its readers to validate the writers statements by recalling letters that we write our dead(Gioia, 1950). This last line enjoins readers to share in such sentiments by revisiting forgotten or buried feelings for people long gone, acantha them to reminisce their own personal struggles with their emotions of having been unable to convey all their thoughts to their dead loved one.In relation to the essay of Langston Hughes, as a boy, he found himself confronting his own emotions as he cried when he went main office after the mass. So as other people find themselves examining their own feelings, the boy Langston also found himself looking for the real reason for his tears. Salvation and Unsaid are both works that delve into the intricacies of human emotions. These give readers a feel of what internal struggle feels like. These present the resulting predicament of individuals who chose concealment as a means to cope with pressure exerted upon them by external factors.These works grab hold of readers by presenting an self-examining mood. Ironically, as both works speak of concealment of thoughts, the essay by Langston Hughes is a move towards revelation, as he recounted his boyhood encounter with faith and narrated it in the eyes of a 12-yer old. The poem also attempts revelation by actually acknowledging that humans have private tho ughts and sentiments theyd rather left unsaid. In this light, one can surmise that the parallelism in these both works not only lay in their allusion to hidden emotions.The manner by which the authors of these works eventually revealed their thoughts on this matter also follows a similar pattern. Ultimately, it appears that these two works are about human struggles inside and outside the self. These are about the experiences humans go through to find what they are looking for-be it themselves, their faith or other matters this world holds. REFERENCES Gioia, Dana. Unsaid (details of your make SOURCE for this poem) Hughes,Langston. Salvation. (details of your BOOK SOURCE for this essay)

Identifying, Organizing, and Analyzing Your Sources Essay Example for Free

Identifying, Organizing, and Analyzing Your Sources EssayEach statement below contains a logical fallacy. Identify the fallacy and briefly explain, in one or two sentences, why it is an phantasm in reasoning. 1. Mabel is not qualified to fart the school board because she apply to drink liquor in her 20s. Ad hominem committed by attacking the person whos making an argument, rather than the argument itself. One of the to the highest degree jet fallacies, it is a direct attack on a persons character rather than focusing on his or her arguments. Stating that Mabel used to drink that why she is not qualified it a person attack. 2. A tike rear end be either an athlete or a good student. Either/Or An oversimplification that assumingly reduces several alternatives to a mere binary opposition, basically means you simply have two choices. You only have two choices of being a athlete or a good student. You place adopt to be bad student if you wanted. 3. Any change in health care will lead to socialism we dont want to live in a socialist country, so we cant reform health care. Slippery Slope (Bad Precedent) assuming that a proposed step will restrict forth an uncontrollable chain of undesirable events. Changing health will lead to socialism is an utmost(prenominal) statement. 4. All teenagers text while they drive therefore, we should raise the driving age to 21. Hasty Generalization selective service conclusions from too little of evidence and often relying on stereotypes. Say all teenager text and drive, hearty some teenager dont have a car and/or a cellular phone phone. 5. If we dont all drive hyb unfreeze cars, the world will end in the beside decade because of environmental damage. Slippery Slope (Bad Precedent) assuming that a proposed step will set off an uncontrollable chain of undesirable events. That an extreme statement stating that the world will end because well dont drive hybrid. 6. Senator Range has been seen entering a strip club th erefore, his economic reforms are not plausible. Ad hominem committed by attacking the person whos making an argument, rather than the argument itself. One of the most common fallacies, it is a direct attack on a persons character rather than focusing on his or her arguments. In this case strip club makes the senator economic reform wrong it a personal attack, degrade his character which will degrade his reforms as mediocreor of no value to the public.7. Everyone else is getting rid of TV, so we should too. Bandwagon Just because everyone is doing it doesnt make it right. We used to think that our planet was flat. 8. Because of the recent shootings in schools and theaters, we can conclude that these are inherently dangerous places that need more regulation. Begging the Question an argument is held to be true because of practical truths and common sense. Common sense is sometimes correct, but all too many an(prenominal) times all too commonly incorrect. 9. If you want a successfu l child, you should enroll him or her in as many early learning classes as possible. Creating false needs emotional proof appeals to what tidy sum value and think they need. Advertisers often create a false sense of need in aim to sell a product. 10. Music education is useless because it just teaches kids how to play music. Begging the question restating the effrontery in the conclusion rather than disproving. Choose your answers from these eight fallacies.NoteSome of these will be used more than once. Begging the question Either-or Slippery slope Ad hominem Creating false needs Red herring Hasty generalization Bandwagon

Electronic Industry in Asean Essay Example for Free

Electronic Industry in Asean sampleSeveral factors make electronics a leading industry in South East Asia 1. Possibilities of application greatly impact the growth of economy and society of one particular country 2. The drop in the prices of burning(prenominal) hardwareElectronic industry is divided into two main category industrial electronics and consumer electronics.Industrial electronics1. Servers2. Telecommunications3. RobotsConsumer electronics1. Radios2. TVs3. Video, harmony Media Players4. Cell Phones5. Tablet PCs and LaptopsRisk in Electronics Industry mainly in high obsolescence (limited product life-cycle).Electronics return in ASEAN is mainly in the field of consumer products and components. The industry underwent considerable growth in 1970s and capital of Singapore, Malaysia, and Philippines had beseem important exertion bases.Main reasons that contribute development of electronic industry in ASEAN, from 1960s to eighties1. Import SubstitutionStarting from 1960s to 1980s there were many import bans (protective barriers) for consumers in ASEAN countries. This as well as includes electronic products such as Televisions (BW and Color), Audio Stereo and Radio Cassette. Hence, Japanese corporations like Sony and Toshiba started to setup production plants, namely in Singapore and Malaysia in the early history of electronic industry in ASEAN.2. challenger between Japanese States manufacturers.Earlier, due to quality control reasons, American manufacturers such as GoldStar (now bought over by LG) were reluctant to relocate their production plant to Asia. However, due decreasing component cost (especially production of electronic diode and cathode ray important components for TVs at that time) from ASEAN Countries, they decided to create new plants in ASEAN as a result, much schools in ASEAN are starting to open basic electronic education (unique opportunity for engine room and knowledge transfer for ASEAN countries)3. Changing in Indus trial PoliciesThe most pronounced change happened in Singapore after breaking up with the Federation of Malaysia in 1965. EDB was formed with the mission to find investors from US and Europe. in spite of appearance 3 years, Singapore became the largest semi-conductor assembly in Asia. Electronic industry employed 2,400 people in 1968 to 35,000 in 1976 and 60,000 in 1984. In Malaysia, there was a New Economic Policy. Electronic industry was given a priority status tax exemption was given in the first 7 years of business.Since Malaysia had more manpower as compared to Singapore, it took over the leading position in 1985 (General Electric employed 38,000 labour in West and East Malaysia). In Thailand, more and more citizens were exposed to Television and Radios. Hence, export of electronic goods delineated up to 13% of annual exported products. In Indonesia, export-processing zone was opened in North Jakarta, however the apprehend was not as huge as garment production over that per iod of time.4. The growing hire for computer related equipmentMore government and private offices required Personal Computer and its equipment such as disk drives.Interestingly, contrary to popular belief, low wages alone do not create comparative advantage. In fact, countries that earned major foreign investments were Singapore and Malaysia, where wages, still are the highest in the region. In our findings, we deal that infrastructural environment in terms of transport telecommunications played an important role. In addition, political stability and industrial environments in terms of supporting firms in plastics, machinery, as well as the quality of manpower were all important(p) for the offshore production of new electronic products such as micro and minicomputers.

Guillain-Barre Syndrome Essay Example for Free

Guillain-Barre Syndrome EssayGuillain-Barre syndrome is a disoblige in which your organic structures immune clay attacks your nerves. The exact cause of this syndrome is unknown, but it is however lots preceded by an infectious illness such as a respiratory infection or the stomach flu. Luckily Guillain-Barre syndrome is uncommon, only affecting 1 or 2 flock per 100,000. Guillain-Barre syndrome often begins with tingling and weakness starting in your feet and legs and spreading to upper body and arms. In some people however, symptoms begin in the arms or even face. As the disorder progresses, muscle weakness can evolve into paralysis. Signs and symptom may include * Prickling, pins and needle sensations in fingers, toes or both * Weakness or tingling in legs that spreads to upper body * Unsteady walking or inability to walk * Difficulty in eye movement, facial movement, speaking, chewing or swal haplessing * Severe low back pain * Difficult in bladder/intestinal control fun ctions * Rapid heart order * Low or high blood pressure * Difficulty in breathing Most people with this experience their most significant weakness within 4 weeks after symptoms begin.In some cases, signs and symptoms may progress very rapidly, within a few hours. Guillain-Barre can affect all age groups. may be triggered by most commonly an infection with Campylobacter, a type of bacteria found often in undercooked food, especially poultry. Mycoplasma pneumonia, surgery, Epstein-Barr virus, influenza, Hodgkins disease, mono, HIV, and rarely rabies or influenza immunizations. This syndrome affects your nerves and may warm a domino-like effect in other systems in your body. Some complications may include breathing difficulties. relief numbness/tingling, full recovery may be slow often taking a category or longer, however between 20 and 30 % of patients have an incomplete recovery. Cardiovascular problems. Pain. Blood clots. twitch sores. Guillain-Barre can be difficult to diagnos e in its early stages. The first step is a careful review of your medical history. Then a spinal tap, and nerve tests. The most common give-and-take is plasmapheresis- which is also known as plasma exchange. Intravenous immunoglobulin. And as recovery begind physical therapy usually is needed to help regain strength and proper movement.

Der Rattenfanger Essay Example for Free

Der Rattenfanger EssayPage fifteen opens with pipe music, this gives the sense of hearing a sense of what the bosh of Der Rattenfanger is about even if they fail to understand the German title. Pipe music is usu bothy associated with the story of the multi-coloured Piper, which is what we later nail Der Rattenfanger expresses.As Faith reads the title of Der Rattenfanger Eva asks her Mutti the question of what an abyss is, this is significant in regards to describing the event of The Ratcatcher, an abyss is usually associated with separation and loss, both of which The Ratcatcher personifies. That he is menti angiotensin converting enzymed with association to an abyss foreshadows what is to happen with Eva and the relationship that she presently shares with her Mutti.Page sixteen is the Ratcatchers scratch appearance in the play, he materialises from Faith and the audiences imagination and his first lines are rhetorical questions Who is not counting? , Who has forgotten th eir blessings? . The rhetorical questions are intended to influence the audiences touch sensation rather than requiring an answer to the questions posed. The cross-dialogue between Helga and The Ratcatcher ensures that all of The Ratcatchers lines are declaratives I lead find you, I will search you out who ever wherever you are.This enforces the idea of The Ratcatcher world a dominant character, The parable eyes as sharp as razors creates the impression that The Ratcacther is a being who inspires fear and gives the idea of an entity that haunts ones nightmares. The dynamic verbs that are used when describing The Ratcatchers speech are all associated with antagonists, It hissed, It spat, referring to The Ratcatcher as an It rather than a he dehumanises the character and adds to the antagonist or even entity feel. A train babble out blows.Sounds of busy railway station the whistle of the train can be interpreted as emblematical of the Der Ratenfanger, the pied bagpiper of Hamle n lured the children away from the town of Hamlen with his music when they refused to pay him for using the same method to rid them of their rat infestation, like the Ratcatcher the Kindertransport is taking the children away from their families and what they know into the unknown, it could also be a metaphor for Hitler, it was a direct result of his actions that led to the children being forced from their home country, rats is an nti-Semitic term for being Jewish, Goebbels wrote It is true that the Jew is a human being, but so is a Rat a living being one that is none too pleasant . . . our duty towards both ourselves and our Conscience is to render it harmless. It is the same with the Jews. The rats in the pied piper story could be interpreted as a metaphor for the children that would become victims of Nazi persecution.I will take the heart of your happiness away I interpret the heart of you happiness as being a metaphor for the loss of the children in the town of Hamelyn. The Ra tcatcher is omnipresent throughout the play, he embodies all of the male person antagonists, the guard, the Nazi, the border guard, and the station guard, the organiser and the postman are all derived from him, each character appears and creates tension for the audience, they all inspire fear in Eva and are the embodiment of loss and separation for both Eva and Evelyn, e. . , the loss of Evas money to the officer who searches her on the kindertransport, in contrast to this the postman actually delivers a parcel to Eva, which we discover is a letter from her mother along with a Jewish prayer accommodate and her story book Der Rattenfanger. It seems that even when Eva attempts to run from her past der rattenfanger is always there on the edge of her mind and steadily spook closer.The Ratcatcher is the origin for provoking the characters and the audience into thinking about family and identity, he also forces the characters to contemplate how the present is unnatural by the past, and learning how to come to terms with our insecurities and fears, for instance at the end of Act one, Scene ii where the pipe music and shadow of the ratcatcher looms, The Ratcatcher, who has already been established as an antagonist and representing fear and punishment foreshadows what is to come.By the end of this scene we begin to realize the depth that Evas insecurities and fear of The Ratcatcher run, the cross-dialogue of Eva speaking with her future self-Evelyn gives the audience the impression that Eva/Evelyn may suffer from a duel personality or in the very to the lowest degree a severe mental condition, Eva being the naive and frightened voice here whilst Evelyn is the mature and salutary voice. Evelyns closing line for this scene He wont take you anywhere ever again.The he she refers to being the Ratcatcher, further enforces the idea that The Ratcatcher is the embodiment of loss and separation for Eva/Evelyn, the fact that Evelyn confronts the personification of her fear in this scene gives the audience the impression that Evelyn is beginning to come to terms with her past, although The Ratcatcher is still presented as a dark and brooding presence that Evelyn attempts to suppress and bury in the recess of her mind.

New Challenges for Africa and the Islamic World Essay Example for Free

New Challenges for Africa and the Islamic universe Essay* Songhai flourished during the 1400s and 1500s, with an empire stretching 1500 miles east to wolfram. (from Gao to the Niger River) a. Timbuktu* Timbuktu became a major center for trans-Saharan trade. Large supplies of gold, ivory, and slaves were sent abroad. * Timbuktu was a major center of Islamic scholarship, in particular because of the Islamic University of Sankore. * Civil war over successiveness weakened the empire which was then destroyed by Moroccan forces. B. Other West African States* The undersize Sudanic kingdoms that formed after the fall of Songhai were parts of a closely linked commercial network. * For example, the Dyula moved goods by donkey and canoe, dominating the regional trade. * A few non-Muslim states, including those of the Guinea Coast, had a matrilineal br separately structure. a. The Kanem-Bornu ground* The Islamic kingdom of Kanem-Bornu prospered from trans-Saharan trade and reached it s height under king Idrus Aloma. a. The Hausa and the Trans-Saharan distribute* The Hausa had trade-oriented states in modern-day Chad, eastern Niger, and Nigeria where cotton cloth and leatherwork were manufactured for export. * Islam became dominant, but women continued to play vital social and political roles. b. pile on the Guinea Coast* A few non-Muslim states, including those of the Guinea Coast and Volta River basin, had a matrilineal social structure, and prospered from mining and business in gold to the north. c. europiumans in West Africa* Portuguese encountered such large job centers as the superstar at Guinala, (Guinea Bissau), where 12,000 men and women met weekly to trade. C. Bantu Trading Cities and Kingdoms ( easterly)* Bantu settlers and Arab immigrants formed the Swahili culture. * The Swahili city-states grew pixilated by trading in African goods to peoples from around the Indian Ocean. a. Trade on the eastward African Coast* Swahili city-states were parts of the great trading network generally dominated by seafaring Arabs and Indian Muslims. d. The Shona and the Ganda* The Shona exported gold and ivory through the city of Sofala to the Middle East and India. * The Ganda people established the kingdom of Buganda west of Lake Victoria and Buganda dominated the region by the 1700s. e. The Kingdom of Kongo* In the Congo River basin, the Bantu kingdom of Kongo became one of the first great African states to be visited by European explorers. * The kingdoms of Luba and Lunda resisted European power into the ordinal century. f. The Xhosa and the Zulu* The Xhosa and Zulu were the main Bantu-speaking groups to migrate into southern Africa. D. Africa in the Hemispheric System* Sub-Saharan Africans lacked interregional connections. * Sub-Saharan African was cut off from European and Asiatic trade. * Marginally fertile soils, scarce exploitable minerals, and few good harbors prevent development in Sub-Saharan Africa. a. Africa the Unknown* We st and East Africa supplied gold, ivory, and other commodities to the Middle East and Europe for centuries. * The remaining Amharic Christians in modern-day Ethiopia were surrounded by Muslims and essentially cut off from finish up with Europe. g. The Opening of Africa* Europeans set out to penetrate Darkest Africa with the light of the West, while besides looking for direct routes to Asian spices and silk. * Africans were shocked and dismayed upon first sighting Europeans. h. The Beginning of the African Slave Trade* Europeans looked for slaves after picture up in the Americas. * Slavery had a long tradition in Africa, which involved Muslim traders. * Europeans already had enslaved their own peoples, though not with a racialized reason.II. EUROPEAN IMPERIALISM AND THE TRANS-ATLANTIC SLAVE TRADE * Racism developed from earlier exploitative relationships forged by Portuguese and Dutch ad approximaters along the two coasts of Africa and in its southern reaches. A. The Portuguese a nd African Encounters* By the late 1400s the Portuguese had colonized the Cape Verde Islands and the nearby coastal region of Guinea-Bissau. * They overly established a long relationship of cooperation with the prosperous Kongo kingdom of south central Africa and sent Catholic missionaries. a. Bartolomeu Dias and Vasco de Gama* In 1487 Bartholomeu Dias rounded the Cape of Good Hope and the Indian Ocean. Vasco da Gama established relations with East African Swahili trading cities. * In India, European goods could not compete with more valuable and finer products from India, China, Indonesia, and Persia. Da Gama had finally located the sea route to the east. * The Portuguese set up a network of trading bases around the Indian Ocean, and tried to limit the activity of their Arab, Ottoman, Persian, and Indian rivals. i. The Portuguese and the Kongo* The Christian King Alfonso I, a Portuguese ally, retardled the Kongo and attempted to emulate Portugal by expansion and modernization. * Slavery soured Portuguese-Kongolese relations. j. Queen Nzinga and African resistance* After Alfonsos death, the Portuguese conquered Kongo and Ndongo. Kongolese and Ndongo warriors were no match for Portuguese armies. Queen Nzinga of Ndongo strongly resisted the Portuguese. * Kongolese Christian kings appealed to the pontiff to halt the slave raids. The Kongolese kings allied with the Dutch to curb Portuguese influence. Kongo endured civil wars, which led to the capture of more slaves. * Portuguese forces occupied several major Swahili trading cities. They eventually controlled several trading ports from the Persian disconnectedness to China. They used brutal methods to achieve their ends. k. The Decline of Portuguese Influence* Portuguese influence waned on the East Coast of Africa by the 17th century after they destroyed much of the trade by dissuading merchants to venture to the cities they nominally controlled. * In the late 1600s, Arabs from Oman pushed the Portuguese out. E. New Challenges for the Shona States and Ethiopia (East) * The Portuguese controlled the lower Zambezi Valley in grade to dominate the gold trade. * They as well moved up the Zambezi River and ended up controlling the largest Shona state of Monomotopa. * They also settled coastal Mozambique and mixed culturally, often through intermarriage. a. Ethiopian Civil War* The Portuguese forces help Ethiopians against their Muslim neighbors. * Jesuit missionaries converted Ethiopian king to Catholicism. * Attempts to change the Ethiopian Church did not succeed, and the missionaries and other Portuguese were expelled. F. South Africa and Dutch Colonization* Dutch settlers in Cape Town traded with the Khoikhoi, but then seized their land. They enslaved or killed all the Khoikhoi living near the Cape, then imposed white rule over Africans. * Slaves were merchandise from Madagascar, Mozambique, and Indonesia. * As the economy developed, Africans and Asians outnumbered whites. a. The Boers and trekking* Some Dutch settlers, or Boers, moved eastward to escape governmental control and look for new land to settle. * The Boers tried to take over Xhosa and Zulu lands. G. The Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade* Europeans enslaved Africans to fulfill their chore needs in the Americas on plantations and in mines. * Physical differences established racial basis of trans-Atlantic slavery. a. The Slave Trade Expands* West Africa was fragmented, which made it vulnerable to slave trading. The Europeans established trading forts from Senegal to Angola. * The Europeans traded cotton goods, guns, iron, rum, and tobacco for slaves. The Europeans often cooperated with local anaesthetic African chiefs to obtain slaves. * The exact number of enslaved Africans is uncertain, but it probably totaled 25 to 30 trillion individuals. The trans-Atlantic slave trade reached its peak between 1700 and 1800. l. Horrors of the Middle Passage* Slaves were branded, chained together, and packed into overcr owded slave ships. * some(prenominal) slaves committed suicide before reaching the Americas, so slavers installed nets along the sides of slave ships to catch jumpers. There were also many attempted mutinies en route. * The majority of slaves were sold to plantations without regard to personal ties. m. Rationalizing the Slave Trade* Europeans warrant slavery by claiming that Africans were inherently inferior. * Some Westerners argued that slavery benefited Africans by exposing them to Western culture, values, and religion. H. The Slave Trade and African Societies* Some coastal regions of West and Central Africa succumbed to chronic raiding, kidnapping, and warfare. * Some societies were particularly destabilized when huge numbers were enslaved. * come forwardof these patterns of human enslavement emerged the Atlantic System. a. The Impact of the Slave Trade on Africa* Some African societies prospered by selling neighboring peoples into slavery. The kings of Benin obtained firearm s by trading cotton textiles, pepper, ivory, and beads, and prohibited the sale of male slaves. * States such as Dahomey prospered by cooperating with the slave traders. Coastal regions from Senegambia down to Angola suffered the most (ex. family damage.) * The trans-Atlantic slave trade created economic imbalances that hindered the evolution of local industries, though African societies arguably benefited from the introduction of peanuts and corn. n. Early Imperialism and Colonialism in Africa* Europeans practiced imperialism and colonialism in Africa. * The scramble for Africa step up with industrialization in Europe. Western industrialization helped end the slave trade, but accelerated the need for African natural resources.

Promoting Change Essay Example for Free

Promoting kind EssayAs a way of improving the level of users involvement and making the process an legal one, it becomes necessary that consultative mechanisms that tend to produce feedbacks to users, and the ability to integrate them in every stage of good livery is put in place. Through their interaction with nurses and the nursing body, users would get to be informed on ways to participate in other to help nurses to deliver effective attend tos. Users need to get feedbacks on their fraternity, but this does not always happen. This can have a bad effect on how volume feel about being involved in employment and the difference they can raise (Carr, 2004). sociable policy- making have characteristically tended to employ consultative mechanisms to seek greater citizen involvement in generating selective information for policy formula. According to Gaventa (1993), the renewed focus on agency in the politics of policy- making offers the cooking stove for recasting the rol e of citizens in the policy process.Rather than simply the passive recipients of decision made by those who are presumed to know better, participatory approaches redefine expertise in terms that both reveal the realities of actor involved and assert the legitimacy of knowledge claims by those on the receiving end of policies. The imbalances of cater position betwixt the professionals and administrators of go and the users have been observed to be a basis for the relegation of users pertain to the background.Thus, for an effective mechanism, it thence requires that the gap between users and the provider of service be closed down. This can be done when slightly of these users, who are fit enough, can be trained to become occupiers of the administrative positions for service delivery. Also decent dissemination of information and enlightenment would go a long way in positioning the users and making them know their rights and thus, preventing intimidation and any form of coercion. The importance of proper credit and feedbacks in users involvement would make the users having a smack of satisfaction and the belief that they are actually being involved in the service delivery process. This will create a sense of belonging and even encourage more participation and reduce the level of relegation and disregards of users voice in the policy outcome and decision-making during service policy formulation and implementation.In Wales, the Joint Review Team argues that new mechanisms are now in place to champ the cause of the users. The emphasis is on a culture of involvement through adequate feedbacks to users enhancing users involvement in service delivery. According to Cornwall Gaventa (1999), one form of greater accountability is through increased dialogue and consultation of core users and their involvement. This raises questions about the extent to which marginalized groups are able to articulate their concerns and about the form that dialogue takes seemly confl ict colonization that manages conflicts during users involvement is necessary in bringing about the effective service delivery and users involvement at the long run. Some articulate service users are branded as unrepresentative therefore be in risk of being ignored. Service users who articulate the need for changes that agencies may not be willing or able to implement have sometimes being labelled as unrepresentativeimplementing changes that require reallocation of resources becoming more difficult especially if these conflict with nationally de retraceate service priorities.Discrepancy between what management want of user involvement and what users want may be a major source of dissatisfaction for service users, since managers definitions tend to prevail. Some reviews note that dissatisfaction and even conflict may be an inevitable part of the user participation process (ibid). Thus, it requires as a proper resolution of areas of differences that they are adequately taken missi ond of. Those who usually contact the users should be trained and coached on how to interact and mind to their views and opinions in order to ward off any form of conflict breeding.As Carr (2004), puts it, the research suggests that front- line practitioners who have most contact with service users could be usefully engaged in user participation strategies and benefit from user- led training focusing on the practice and principles of user participation. The front ocean liner practitioners should be equipped with the knowledge of how to handle complaints when service users forward it to them. CONCLUSION Users involvement in service in the nursing profession has given them the confidence and pride of having a say in the finale and outcome of what is provided to them.However, report has it that some users feel consulted rather than involved and others have a sense of impotency as regarding the complex and confused system in which the participation is structured on. While a sense of stereotyping is being carried out in some quarters, where discrimination and marginalization based on race, minority ethnic has hampered the proper participation of some users. Some professionals relegates users interest, this is mostly done due to the huge lacuna of power positioning between the managers and professionals of service provision and the users.It then requires that a proper mechanism for users involvement be put in place through their understanding of the roles of nursing in the healthcare facility and those morals governing their profession. Hence, it is advocated that a proper feedback mechanism is available proper conflict resolution be provided for interest clash the users of service should be integrated into the service provision activities, where they are perceived as acquiring services as rights and not privileges.REFRENCESBarnes, C. Mercer G. (2003), Research review on User Involvement in Promoting diverge and Enhancing the Quality of Social care Services f or Disabled People Center for Disability Studies University of Leeds. 30 June. http//www. leeds. ac. uk//archiveuk/Barnes/SCIEuserinvolvement2. pdf (19/01/06) Carr, Sarah (2004), range Paper 3 Has service user participation made a difference to social care services? Social Care Institute for Excellence (SCIE). March. http//www.participateinhealth.org.au

On Rape and Responsibility Essay Example for Free

On Rape and Responsibility EssayThroughout the itinerary of Disgrace, Coetzee attempts to juxtapose the muck up of Melanie with that of Lucy. By analyzing the actions of David Lurie, Lucy and Petrus, it becomes app atomic number 18nt that there is a dynamometric common sense of responsibility among victims and abusers. Coetzee attempts to demonstrate that vitiate is more than a ggoalered based crime, that social fall a partly, and ethnicity also play roles in determining what harm is committed.It is because the rapes argon not viewed by the eyes of the victim alone primarily through Lurie, who sympathizes with Lucy and denies raping Melanie, that the readers atomic number 18 forced to cook who burdens responsibility and to what expiration actions are repentant. Luries attack on Melanie is more or less a date rape. He doesnt take no for an answer and her passive means of refusal are not enough for him to take the hint. He truly believes that he is dating this cleanin g char, and that it is his right to engage in such relations with her.This belief is wound up in his perpetual state of selfishness and his arrogance of self delusion. She ends up filing for grievances making the whole situation public. Lucy is not just attacked, she is puni leave out. What is through to her is done for the sole end of causing her harm, of scaring her as an individual. It is done because she is a white woman, because she is the epitome of what is wrong with her rapists world. along with the rape she is robbed of her property, and her father is assaulted and badly burned. In the end they both defecate to live with the scars of what happened.The attack on her is not personal it is the trend an oppressed social human body is lashing out at the sour mistreat workforcet they pay received for generations. What is ironic however is that the fact that the act in itself is the most personal it could have been. The society they are trying to punish is not going to be affected as a whole to what happened that day. It is a tragedy but one that would some otherwise be swept under the rug, if Lucy had not swept it under herself Lucy. The hatred they had for society, they funneled into this woman. They made it personal once they had decided that Lucy was their victim.Similarly the reason these women are harmed is not purely random. Yes Melanie as student put her into the pool of prey for David Lurie, but his attraction to her is personal, and her temperate response to him in the beginning paves the path Lurie takes. Her response is what Lurie feeds his delusions with, and that causes him to make the decisions he makes. Lucy is chosen out of what seems comparable convenience, Pollux attacks close to home, victimizing the woman that oversees his brother-in-law. Lucy is the best representation for the oppressive white kinsperson that he has, since she is oppressing Petrus.What theses essentially smash up down to is a crime of opportunity and a crime of restitution. The strongest underlying feeling that distinguishes the two is hate. It is not because Lurie hates Melanie that he does her injustice, it is because he is selfish and has no regard for her wants or feelings. Lurie finds Melanie alluring he pursues his desires and treats what are instant expressions of refusal as too subtle to actually mean no. The two rapes do however shed light on the misconception that rape is simply a gender based crime.Rather race and class complicate the situation making the two incidents vary astray in their response. Lucy keeps quite while Melanie comes onward Lurie denies his actions while the other men endorse what they did as it matched their motive. Lucys refusal to come forward stems from white guilt, believe that what happened to her she had coming to her. She analogizes her gang rapists to tax collectors and feels that she should be paying to them what they feel they deserve. Her white guilt and higher class both make her a target and victim distinct from Melanie.Reporting such a rape would thereby align Lucy with the previous hierarchical white class of the apartheid period. She realizes that the crime would be used to elicit the fires of racism and knowing that her case would be used to represent others she does what she can to pr horizontalt the white class to rationalize future segregation. Melanie, who is a young black girl, is attacked by an older white man. Her response to his misdeeds is change with want of restitutions. She does not accept what has happened to her as due to her, and she ultimately makes her attacker pay for the injustice he has committed.Interestingly, Coetzee uses Luries view to further gild the racial-social class effects on perspective. Luries inability to acknowledge what he has done as rape sheds light on his sexist and racists ideology, as Mardorossian points out, Lurie can save see rape as something black men do to white women, and prevents him from doing earlier what he d oes with Lucy, namely call rape rape. In his disciplinary hearing, Lurie establishes an equivalence mingled with the rights of desire and sexual abandon demonstrating his belief in his personal superiority over Melanie.The two rapes are diametrically opposed in their factors and responses, which demonstrates to the reader the inextricable relation between incommensurable categories of identity such as gender, class, or ethnicity in the application of legal and moral authority. When Coetzee introduces Lucy into the novel, she is sympathetic to her fathers situation. She leaves judgment aside as something that is his to deal with. She encourages him to make reparations but does nothing to make him feel ostracized for his previous misdeeds.All of this changes once Lucy is victimized. With Luries inability to empathize with the situation, at least to the extent that Lucy wants, Lucy refuses to confide in him. She feels what has happened to her is a private affaire and because he is n ot a woman, he could not go through the way she feels, and so she feels no agreement to share her experience with him. In addition to his male-handicap Lucy also starts to view Lurie as a predator, seeing alone subtle differences between what he did to Melanie and what those men did to her.It made it harder to sympathize with his experiences, and she ultimately becomes distant. When Lucy does finally go into situation about what happened. Rather than offering solace to his daughters grief he instead attempts to submit her another outlook on the situation. Her confession that the worst part of it was how personal the action was, and her inability to understand it. Why did they hate me so? is met with It was history speaking through them A history of wrong. Think of it that way if it helps. It may have seemed personal but it wasnt.While what Lurie is saying may have truth to it, this is not what Lucy is looking to hear when she confides in him. Lurie suffers from what Stember ca lls sexual racism- having a right to claim a colonized womans body, and to project his guilt onto the colonized man imagining him wanting revenge and thereby desires the white woman. In this light Glenn suggest that Coetzee uses Disgrace as a sociological and cultural statement, as symptomatic- part of the traumatized white reaction to living in the Black Republic.Demonstrating that Lucys refusal to report the rape, taking responsibility for it, and even keeping the rape-child is central to southwest African politics and the use of women as objects in a affinity economy. In Addition, Petrus embodies the black claims for restitution of farm land essentially getting through violence, what black southeastward Africans felt they were due. The rapes also introduce the idea of responsibility. The intertwining elements of ethnicity, gender, and social class also incorporate a sense of responsibility, both to self and community.Rebecca Saunders uses Nietzsches position of justice and resp onsibility as an economic manner to illustrate how characters shun responsibility off of themselves, or accept unwarranted responsibility. Luries inability to confess, but preferably simply plead guilty is a great example of such. He feels that his plea is what is necessary for the hearing, but sincerely apologizing is more valuable to him that he feels is warranted by the committee. Likewise Petrus solutions to Lurie and Lucy are compensation as if they fitly equate to the emotional and physical harm done.Saunders explores this logic in the frame of visceral versus reason. How responsibility should be dealt in relation to the justifications behind the actions. He feels undercompensated, because he stands behind reason he understands that Petrus offers do not actually equate to the needs at hand. Also standing behind reason, Lucy equates the values of the harms done to her and to her aggressors, and feels as though a debt has been paid. This merely serves to illustrate that every c haracter feels their side is the rational one, and their opponents are acting out of visceral.Rosemary Nagy, also explores the idea of responsibility, but in relation to the language of justification. How things are worded greatly impact the level of responsibility each character takes on for the actions they have committed, or have had done to them. The three figures centered around responsibility are Petrus, Lucy and Lurie. Petrus is of course playing surrogate for the men who attacked Lucy. She suggests that Disgrace establishes that there is no easy formula to decide where the middle ground falls between reconciliation and responsibility.David Luries rape of Melanie is always met with a lack of culpability, despite Gals reasoning, that Lurie cleanses himself through his treatment of the dogs. However by the end of the novel he still refuses to believe that what he did constitute rape. The idea of repentance and responsibility stems from an expectation of transformation. That th ose committing such crimes become new men, but by the end of the novel we do not see this change in Lurie. In fact he near comes full circle, satisfying his sexual appetite with prostitutes and solving the problem of sex rather well.Lucy on the other hand takes responsibility for what the white class in South Africa did for decades, a burden much big than warranted. She sacrifices herself, leaves herself with nothing no cards, no weapons, no property, no rights, no dignity. She completely switches roles with Petrus, who onces was dog-man, now she is like a dog. Petrus while not obligated, still accepts no responsibility for what happened to Lucy. Instead he reaps the benefits of her misfortune, gaining land, and a third wife because Lucy no longer feels capable of protecting herself.Through the act of (or lack of) accepting responsibility, Coetzee forces the readers to analyze the extent to which acknowledgement dictates reconciliation. Coetzee uses Disgrace, to make a statemen t about race and culture in a post-apartheid South Africa. That rape is more than a gendered- crime, that it crosses through socio-ethnic barriers to express something more harmful. That the feelings on reconciliation vary widely depending on who feels victimized and who feels responsible, which is a reflection of how Coetzee feels about the future of the white middle class in the years after the apartheid state.

Dialog Different Means of Travelling Essay Example for Free

dialogue Different Means of Travelling EssayL daughterO fatherS puzzleS Darling, wherere you? Weve already been sitting here for 20 minutes. Come on Leave your Babe for a while. Its important L Yeah, daddy, please. Im very tired and I want to snooze (), only if mom give tongue to that I wouldnt go to bed until we came to an agreement. O All right, all right. Im here. Babe, Ill be ass soon. S Oh, your car riding habit disappear unlike us. If you want to stay at home with your just bucket ( ), I go easily arrange it for you, and we with Susan go forth travel the world alone. O Oh, women-women, what a wet blanket they are (Murmuring) L dadady, weve heard every word youve said.S Well, we curioure to prepare 2 main points the first one is where to go and the second one is which content of travelling to choose. O As for me, theres nothing better than to travel by car a good, fast car, I mean. When youre in a plane or smth like that you have to be driven by someone else, scarcely travel by car is a more personal experience, for there you can drive yourself. S Darling, your racers past wont live till your death. How could you be so bigoted? You shift stop idea about your racing car even for a minute L Mom, I recall that you similarly exaggerate. Dont be jealous. I absolutely agree with dad. What can be better than a spin in his car at a weekend What a thrill its to feel the car rush anterior and to feel the wind in your faceS Sweetie, I know that car has a mount of advantages, for example, it gives a possibility to go as slowly, or as fast as you wish, stop when and where you choose, jerk off out at any time and walk where you like, but it has some disadvantages also. O Can you herald them to us, please? Im sure that youre going to recollect our last trip to Wales by car that was 10 years ago Am I right? S As always I remember sort of well how we got stuck in the mud and then got a flat tyre. Besides it was a real bedevilment to ri de on a bumpy road and had no conveniences at hand. L Its true, dad, forthwith therere speed limits practically everywhere, and so we wont be able to experience the real joy of speed. Moreover, therere many traffic jams, hold-ups and round-abouts on the roads, so our jaunt will bevery slow.S And despite of the absence of timetable, which is so hateful for me, I want all of us to have a pleasant and raise rest and car, unfortunately, isnt the best variant, because it can be extremely tiring for you. O So kind of you to learn care of me in such a way. So lets choose some other alternative. What do you think about travelling by plane? L Its cool Im simply fascinated by this means of steer. Its the fastest and the most genial one, I think. We can travel to any part of the world, even to virgin Zealand. I want to see kiwi bird with my own eyes. Its a national symbol of this country. S Im very glad that my family isnt airsick, but youve forgotten about me. O No, we havent. Youre not airsick too and you cant be, because youre a flight attendant, my darling. Besides, itll be very easy for you to arrange our flight and peradventure well have some discounts from your airline.S You both are impossible. I want to recharge my batteries too and to have a rest from my work, from airplanes, from hitting air-pockets, from lots of registration formalities. And dont you know that this means of transport depends on the weather greatly. L We know, mommy. Dont worry we wont travel by plane this time. Still, we dont have a great desire to forgather with new problems and as you always say, Heathrow has a plenty of them too many sight, too many planes and too much crime.S Thank you very much for your under meeting. And what is your opinion about travelling by ship, to Spain, maybe or somewhere else? Weve never been on a voyage. Besides as far as I remember therere more than 10 major ports in Britain. O And I know that sea passengers can use roll-on-roll-off ferries, hover crafts, hydrofoils and high-speed catamarans. I reckon that travelling with the help of such unusual means of transport will be very exciting. L And Id like to see those colossal ships, I dont remember their make water S Cruisers, I supposeL Yes, mom thanks. So Id like to see cruisers from the landing-stage a broad the quay, to stand on the top deck and imagine that Im Rose, the main heroine of the film Titanic. O Susan Brown Youre too young for this kind of adventures and tragic love All in all, youre not openhanded enough to have a boyfriend L Nothing serious, it was just a little joke, but it was so laughable to see your eyes which were those of a frightened child, and by the way, daddy, Im 14. S Sweetie, stop making fun of your father. We bothare in anxiety about you. But lets present to travelling by ship. Im sure that breathing a fresh air and admiring sunsets will return a good contour to our nerves and health.O Darling, thats all very nice, but Im not sure about the poss ible comprise of such voyage. It seems to me that itll be very high, because therere a lot of activities for recreation and entertainment, good conveniences and so on. L What are you driving at, daddy? Ive always thought that we have enough money to afford this. Am I right? O Yes, of course, but your mother wanted to make renovations not so long ago. So I guess that too big expenses are unnecessary now. S Well-well-well. Its clear for me that theres smth else in what youre saying. Im almost sure that your Babe has gone dead on you again and you need a desex part. Is it true?O Hmmm Yes (sadly), its true.L And what is wrong with it now?O Headlights and rear light have modest down.L What a pity, daddy.S Well, I think that your car and my renovations will wait for some time. We wont need them during our holiday. So its settled, lets travel by ship and itll be unfor establishtable.L Oh, my God Mom DadO What, sweetie?L It has just come to my mind that I can probably get seasick and not only I but all of us, because weve never experienced it. And if it really be so, our pleasant holiday will become exhaustion for us. I dont want see pink elephants and to suffer from dizziness and nausea at all. O What a bad fortune We cant risk, so we have to choose smth else. What do you think about hitch-hiking? Its the cheapest kind of travelling. S The cheapest one? Ive said that your car will wait. Moreover, its very dangerous and I dont want to be killed or robbed. Therere a lot of mad people everywhere. L Yeah, dad, besides well have to walk for some time, but my leg still hurts a little bit, as you remember Ive broken it 2 months ago.O Well, I admit that Ive blundered out ( ). So there is one more option travelling by plane. Ill be very agreeable if itll suit us and satisfy all our requirements. S First of all, I think that its very convenient and safe. Secondly, I dont want to hustle and rush somewhere, sotrain is an excellent variant, because it provides calm and comfo rtable journey notwithstanding Ill have to keep to the timetable again.L And from the history lesson I know that in the end of the 20th century the railway underwater tunnel, the Channel Tunnel, was opened. And it takes only 25 minutes to travel by train from Britain to France. Isnt it awesome? O Of course, sweetie, besides we can take a train from 2 outside(a) railway stations in London Waterloo and St. Pancras. I hope that well be able to subvert tickets at a reasonable price. S Surely, well exactly have a discount for our daughter.O That sounds great, but I also think that wed better buy a full compartment in order to escape from fellow passengers and crowded corridor, if well travel at a long distance. L Good idea, dad So fortunately, weve come to an agreement. In train we wont get sick, wont overtake too much money, wont waste our nerves and well be able to travel some all Europe and wont disturb my poor leg. O So I can return to my Babe. Im goingS And we can go to the tra vel agency after you take a nap (). L All right. Lets go.

Communication with Children Essay Example for Free

Communication with Children EssayIn every position of life, at clobber and at home, our talk with those battalion around us influences and underpins our relationships with them, so developing verifying attitudes and communication is essential to develop positive relationships. Getting to know people and showing interest in them and what they hand to say is outstanding to building respectful relationships. Remembering names, perceiveing to what people have to say, world considerate of people and their views, all add up to positive relationship building.We give way with full-growns where effective communication and trust testament ensure the safety and well-being of the electric shaverren we are caring for. It is essential that any breeding regarding any baby bird is passed to the correct person especially if there is any cause for concern. Communication with an adult whitethorn be verbal only, but if there is a genuine concern for an aspect of larn or social or p ersonal safety of a babe, it will be backed up by written evidence.Discussions with our peers are important to build relationships of respect and trust. A t apieceer whitethorn have concerns about a child and might discuss this with her teaching assistant who may back up her concerns with her own observations. Being friendly and approachable will help encourage communication with children, young people and adults and always acting with honesty and fairness will develop positive relationships and respect.Communicating with your peers at tempt is likely to be quite divers(prenominal) to how you would communicate with them in a social situation. Whilst at work it is important to be professional, however that doesnt mean you foott have a mind of humour Quite often the person you need to utter to isnt available so it may be that you will have to leave them a note, either in their pigeon hole or on their desk, and then it can be discussed in more detail when you are both available.W e communicate in many different ways to many different people at work, we communicate with instructors about the children and what different resources are needed in the classroom, we communicate with parentssensitively about their children, we communicate with the office staff regarding stationary supplies and resources, we communicate with the kitchen staff regarding lunch and the caretaker regarding repairs that we may have observed that need attending to or more or less other instructions. All these communications are important to get the scoop out results and each may be approached differently. It is important to visit the correct approach to ensure the most positive outcome in each situation.Cultural differences may affect communication as misunderstandings can occur so it is important that when communicating with people from different cultural backgrounds you make yourself dumb and be respectful of their culture.When communicating with children it must be remembered that children do not have the same understanding as adults and will take everything as it is say and will not interpret signals or things unsaid or assumed. Not all children will understand humour, although some will, so it is important to speak clearly to children and maybe recur what you have said. It is also a good idea to ask them to repeat back to you what you have said if it is important that they have understood you, this way there will be no room for confusion. Also, get down to their level they will feel more comfortable talking to you and not so intimidated. The age of a child is important to take into consideration. Very young children may not respond to humour as they may not understand. However an older child may respond positively to humour as it can limber up them. Always adapt your language to the age of the child and speak clearly.The context of the communication may tremendously influence how you might communicate. If the child has through something well or positive , just a big grimace and thumbs up from across the classroom can communicate very effectively. Equally, a disapproving look and menage shake of the head may communicate across a classroom when a child has done something wrong. Tone of voice is important to portray your communication too. If what you are telling them is serious it must be delivered with a serious voice, equally praise should be delivered with an excited and happy savour and expression. In cosmopolitan communication with children, they respond best to happy, excitable voices, so unless the message is serious, that is the tone I think is best to stick withWhen communicating with children there are other things that may have to be taken into consideration. It may be that English is not their first language so extra care will be needed to ensure they have understood you. The child may have a sensory impairment, so you may have to speak facing them, slowly and clearly and using your hands where able. The child may have a speech, language or communication impairment so again you would have to speak to them in much the same way, speaking clearly and slowly and repeating instructions and asking them to repeat back to you so that you know they have understood instructions.Their cognitive abilities may be poor so you may have to adapt your communication to take into account their concentration span and focus or coordination. Also, if a child is sad you must be sensitive to that and be reassuring and comforting. A child may be agitated or angry and then you must be calming. If a child has cultural differences those differences must be taken into account and treated respectfully.Communication with adults may include personate language and gestures that may go unobserved by children. Adults will also interpret nuances in tone of voice that children may not pick up on. Therefore it is more important to explain just now what you are saying to children. You may not have to be as direct with adults.When man aging disagreements with children it is important that the child believes he/she is being listened to and treated fairly. When Im dealing with playground disputes I always listen to both sides of the story and get the whole picture. We then talk it through and decide what would have been a better way of dealing with their conflict and either or both apologises and we have a nibble slate and fresh start.When dealing with disagreements between young people a similar approach can be taken but with a higher language level. Disputes may arise at work whereadults have differing opinions it is important to listen to an alternative point of view and consider where there is common ground. public lecture things through thoroughly and being open to an alternative approach is vital. If there is total disagreement and no solution can be found then a manager or head teacher will have to be involved.